EMV Liability Shift — Counterfeit Fraud

Card-present transaction processed without chip, later disputed as counterfeit.

Merchant win-rate

21%

Median $ won

$312

Network

Visa

What it means

Visa 10.1 applies when a counterfeit card was used at a point-of-sale that didn't process the EMV chip. Liability shifted to merchants in October 2015 — if your terminal is non-compliant, you almost always lose this one. But if the chip was used or the card was foreign, you have a fighting chance.

Required evidence

What you need to win

▸EMV transaction receipt showing chip read
▸Terminal certification proof
▸Cardholder presence (signature, PIN entry log)
▸Transaction code data showing fallback to magstripe was unavoidable

Playbook

How to actually do it

01. If the chip read succeeded, you almost can't lose. Pull the terminal log proving it.
02. If you fell back to swipe, document why (chip damaged, terminal error code).
03. Provide POS receipt + signature record.